Alloys based on gamma TiAl suffer from brittle fracture, which often persists to very high temperatures. Attaining chemical homogeneity and structural refinement are, therefore, of major concern for manufacturing highly stressed components, such as turbine blades or discs, for which the higher process costs are justified. There is an intimate correlation between alloy chemistry, phase transformation, recrystallization, and hot-working conditions, which has to be considered for the identification of suitable processing windows. To this end, the feasibility of wrought processing of high Nb containing alloys was systematically studied, because this class of alloys exhibits several desired attributes for high-temperature applications. The evolution of microstructure and texture during hot-working is governed by the deformation modes operating in the respective phase field and the phase transformations occurring upon cooling. The structural refinement is mainly determined by the imparted strain energy, which in conventional techniques is limited for geometrical reasons. In this context, the feasibility of torsional deformation superimposed with compression was investigated. The advantage of the method is that much higher mechanical work can be imparted, which triggers more intensive dynamic recrystallization and leads to finer and chemically homogeneous microstructures.