The basis for In-Process Quality Assurance is the direct interrogation of process physics and dynamics as opposed to exclusive reliance on machine tool monitoring or post-process inspection.   In-Process Quality Assurance is complimentary to these other technologies and provides valuable process information not available through other means.   Applications to real-time closed loop control will also be discussed.   In this modality of operation, In-Process Quality Assurance is used to largely preclude the occurrence of defects altogether.

Specific application areas to be discussed include: gas metal arc weld (GMAW) repair of titanium IBRs, rotary friction welding, linear friction welding of titanium, and other welding applications to non-aerospace industries.  Case studies will be shown that specifically address how the technology is applied, how it may be integrated into an overall quality system, and what quality questions it can address as well as limitations to applicability.