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Tuesday, June 9, 2009 - 2:30 PM
SSP2.3

Direct Sensing of the Composite Materials Elastic Modulus

B. B. Djordjevic, Materials and Sensors Technologies, Inc., Glen Burnie, MD

Advanced composite materials mechanical properties can degrade due to range of events including aging, fatigue, lightening strike, thermal overloads and others. In situ, direct sensing of the mechanical properties change enables designer to asses the severity of damage and actual condition of the composite material.  New technology has been developed for a direct sensing of the mechanical modulus of the composite structure that enables on structure estimate of the actual materials modulus. The sensing methodology and measurement methods are based on laser ultrasonic transduction and ultrasonic guided weave propagation. The plate like geometry of many composite structures readily supports guided waves that are hard to induce using conventional transducers and are not commonly used for materials condition sensing. Overall, guided wave types are better suited for larger area testing requirements but are significantly less developed than conventional ultrasonic approach. Because guided waves propagate in fiber plane, they are directly affected by the in-plane elastic constants that represent the mechanical response of the composite structure. Combined with models and advanced signal processing, this methodology enables independent nondestructive characterization and sensing of the composite material integrity damage over large range of thicknesses, and for different fiber materials (graphite, fiberglass, Kevlar). Application of laser ultrasonic is critical to achieve signal fidelity and timing measurements’ exciding resolution of about 10-9 seconds. Such high resolution measurements are required to sense materials modulus changes and are not achievable via conventional ultrasonic sensing. The paper will present experimental and application data on a variety of materials and for broad rang of applications.

Summary: Advanced composite materials mechanical properties can degrade due to range of events including aging, fatigue, lightening strike, thermal overloads and others. In situ, direct sensing of the mechanical properties change enables designer to asses the severity of damage and actual condition of the composite material. New technology has been developed for a direct sensing of the mechanical modulus of the composite structure that enables on structure estimate of the actual materials modulus. The sensing methodology and measurement methods are based on laser ultrasonic transduction and ultrasonic guided weave propagation. Because guided waves propagate in fiber plane, they are directly affected by the in plane elastic constants that represent the mechanical response of the composite structure. Combined with models and advanced signal processing, this methodology enables independent nondestructive characterization and sensing of the composite material integrity damage over large range of thicknesses, and for different fiber materials (graphite, fiberglass, Kevlar). The paper will present experimental and application data on a variety of materials and for broad rang of applications.