Next generation engine design, such as advanced versions of the Pratt & Whitney PurePower™ PW1000G engine with Geared Turbofan™ technology and the F135 engine for the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter must balance the seemingly conflicting requirements of higher performance, reduced weight and lower cost. Instability in the price of fuel and the desire to reduce the environmental footprint of aircraft engine operation increases the need to reduce fuel burn. More efficient engines generally tax the temperature capability of materials systems and put pressure on the designers to reduce weight. State of the art turbine engines represent highly engineered complex systems. Several materials options are available to reduce the weight of the fan and compressor, such as Organic Matrix Composites and Advanced lightweight metallic materials, but cost limits their application. For the combustor and turbine, more capable nickel alloys and Ceramic Matrix Composites will be required to meet the weight and temperature requirements of future engines. Additional capability enhancements can be achieved through engineered material systems.