Shape Memory Alloys for Aerospace Actuators and Morphing Structures

Since the discovery of the Shape Memory Effect in Nickel Titanium alloys in the early 1960s, researchers have attempted to harness this effect in numerous alloys to produce compact, lightweight, and rugged actuators. Over the last decade significant progress has been made in the understanding of Shape Memory Alloys and their actuation behavior. Recent gains include a better understanding of material properties, enhanced fabrication and processing techniques, standardized material and actuator test methods, improved actuator design methods, validated computer modeling techniques, and demonstrated application development. These advances make Shape Memory Alloy actuators a very real option for aerospace applications in the near future.

In this presentation the basic history and technology of Shape Memory Alloys will be reviewed and the benefits of actuation systems based on Shape Memory Alloys will be presented. Material and actuator properties unique to Shape Memory Alloys and their impact on aerospace requirements and specifications will be identified. Examples of material and actuator test methods and test results will be shown.

The current state of Shape Memory Alloy technology, actuator design, and modeling will be discussed. Examples of Aerospace applications and technology demonstrators will be shown, including laboratory, wind tunnel, and flight demonstrations. A strategy for future development, including collaborative solutions involving industry, academia, and government involvement will be proposed.