M. A. Afflerbach, Magnetic Specialties Div of Solar Manufacturing, Telford, PA

Summary: Many users of resistance heated furnaces, particularly vacuum, are using water cooled saturable magnetic devices (VRT) for power control. These devices while quite reliable and truly an innovation in their time are causing their users hidden operating costs. What will be revealed is how much these devices are costing and propose alternatives now available in the 21st century.