J. E. Indacochea, J. Beres, A. Polar, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
There is a great need for efficient energy conversion systems based on domestic fossil or bio-fuels. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC’s) are particularly appealing in this case; however the “sealing issue” is the critical subject in SOFC development. The objective of this work is to seal yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte to stainless steel of the electrical interconnect or gas manifold which is exposed to high temperature (500-1000°C). A brazing technique based on the in-situ alloying of nickel and titanium foils was performed to join zirconia to 444-stainless steel. Different nickel/titanium foil combinations were used to obtain a braze in vacuum at a pressure of 6×10−6 torr at temperatures between 960oC and 1030oC for different brazing times. The braze and interfacial microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). This paper will discuss the effect of the processing parameters on the development and stability of the braze metal and the interactions of the filler metal with the ceramic and metallic substrates.
Summary: This paper addresses the sealing concern in SOFC through the development of a transient liquid phase-active braze process to seal the yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte to the stainless steel of the electrical interconnect or gas manifold for high temperature service.