In cold spraying, bonding is associated with shear instabilities caused by high strain rate deformation. It is well known, that bonding occurs, when the impact velocity of an impacting particle exceeds a critical value. In former publications the critical velocity is discussed as a function of the type of spray material, the particle size and the particle impact temperature. In most cases the calculations for particle and substrate interaction are carried out for particles and a substrate consisting of the same material and having the same initial temperature, representing the coating formation in a later state. The first particle and substrate interactions, which could be either the interaction of a hard substrate with soft particles or the interaction of a cold substrate with warm particles of the same Material, create the bond strength of the coating. Up to now, these interactions and the related impact phenomena are not well understood. The present study focuses on this more complex particle substrate interaction and develops strategies to improve the bond strength of cold sprayed coatings.