Laser Processing of Microstructured and Nanostructured Biomaterials

Microstructured and nanostructured biomaterials have recently been fabricated via laser direct writing and rapid prototyping processes. Laser direct writing was used to fabricate differentially adherent surfaces for cell attachment, three-dimensional cell networks, and other structures with unique biological properties. This technology has the potential to allow for the development of tailored artificial tissues that match the geometries of injured, damaged, or missing tissues. Laser-based rapid prototyping process was used to create ossicular replacement prostheses, tissue engineering scaffolds, and other medical devices with a larger range of sizes and shapes than conventional microfabrication techniques. We have demonstrated that lasers have unique capabilities for direct writing, cutting, and fabrication of medical devices. We anticipate that laser processing of materials used in medical devices will be increasingly more significant in the coming years.