Workers are potentially vulnerable to health risks associated with the inhalation of engineered airborne particles in the workplace. A few studies have reported significant exposures and health effects of ultrafine and nanomaterials during manufacturing processes. Particulate matter is often present at nanoscale level and may exhibit unique physical, chemical, and biological properties and nanotechnology holds great promise for occupational health and safety. The present study was conducted to document potential health risks and levels of exposures associated with automobile parts production processes in a Western Kentucky facility that manufactures automotive springs, torsion and stabilizer bars. Airborne samples were collected for ultrafine and respirable particulate matter (dust, welding fumes, and oil mist) using a particle counter, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filters attached to cyclones and mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filters. The results of this study are still being analyzed. However, preliminary results showed that workers exposure levels for respirable materials were below the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) permissible exposure limits (PELs) and that workplace levels were higher than ambient levels. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has reported that workers within nanotechnology-related industries have the potential to be exposed to uniquely engineered materials with novel sizes, shapes and physical and chemical properties, at levels far exceeding ambient concentrations. Additionally, current research suggests that particle size and surface chemistry may be more important and relevant parameters for measurements than mass and bulk chemistry. The implementation of well-established occupational health and safety controls is needed to reduce exposures in workplaces where potential for health effects may not be well understood. The study recommends preventive measures and risk reduction strategies to effectively reduce workers’ exposure risks, potential health effects, and ultimately manage engineered workplace ultrafine particulate matter pollution.