"Clinical Efficiency and Biological Response of NiTi Orthodontics Archwires"

The development of orthodontic wires in the 80's and 90's, due to mechanical properties, was related to nickel-titanium shape memory and superelasticity effects. During the early leveling stages of orthodontics treatment, more physiologically bone response and acceptable tooth movement can be achieved if light, continuous forces were applied and these forces can be provided by low-stiffness archwires. The shape memory effect is considered to transmit light and continuous forces, which cause physiological and efficient dental movement. It is also known for it's low modulus of elasticity and high springback. Authors consider the shape memory effect and the superelasticity as responsible for the wire's constant force, even when unloaded, reducing the number of wires' changes and creating less discomfort for the patient. The literature shows few studies relating clinical efficiency and biological response.