The purpose of imaging is to capture and visualize the details of an object for both current and future analysis in a transportable and archival format. Modern advanced imaging methods are utilized in both medical and industrial applications, predominantly in a digital format. Imaging is increasingly moving from a 2D to 3D modality to allow for significantly improved detail resolution and clarity of volumetric visualization. Conventional digital radiography (DR), for example, compresses an entire object volume onto a 2D planar image with consequent lack of spatial resolution and considerable loss of small volume feature resolution. Computed tomography (CT) overcomes both of these limitations, providing the highly desirable capability of precise detection, location and characterization of multiple features throughout the subject object. CT has the further capability to reconstruct virtual 3D solid object images with arbitrary and reversible planar sectioning and of variable transparency to clearly visualize features of different densities in situ within an otherwise opaque material system. Tomographic imaging is utilized in medical CT, MRI and 3D Ultrasound techniques. Only X-ray CT imaging is discussed here as it presents better quality images and is similar and synergistic with industrial XCT. Medical CT technology originally led the way for industrial XCT but now there are several important equipment and application distinctions which will be discussed.